Hooded Skunks: A Misunderstood Species

The Hooded Skunk (Macroura) is often mistaken for its close relative, the Striped Skunk. While both species share many physical characteristics, they can be distinguished through a closer examination of their bony elements. The Striped Skunk is the most common skunk species found in our region and has been recovered as a fossil more frequently than any other.

Historically, a specimen identified as Mustela frenata was later reclassified as Mephitis mephitis (Schreber 1776), also known as the Striped Skunk. This reclassification was based on the presence of only two premolars in the alveoli, which is characteristic of the Striped Skunk.

Despite their similarities to Spilogale, a genus that includes spotted skunks, the Hooded Skunk can be distinguished by its noticeably different dentary structure. The presence of three crowded premolars, as described by Brown (1908), is also unique to this species.

Skunks are primarily invertebrate feeders, but they will consume whatever animal material is available. Their ability to repel predators is due in part to their conspicuous patterns of white and black fur, which serve as a warning signal. Skunks also have the capacity to release a strong-smelling liquid from their anal glands, which can cause pain and injury if it enters the eyes.

Interestingly, skunks have been recognized as forming a family-level clade more recently. This means that they are part of a larger group of related species within the Mustelidae family, which includes weasels and relatives.

In our region, skunks were once considered to belong to this broader family, but recent studies have shown that they actually form their own distinct family, Mephitidae. Skunks, including the Hooded Skunk, are found throughout much of North America and have been present in our region for millions of years, with fossil records dating back to the Pleistocene era.

Overall, the Hooded Skunk is a unique and fascinating species that is often misunderstood due to its similarities with other skunk species. By understanding its distinctive characteristics and behavior, we can gain a greater appreciation for this remarkable animal.

Hooded skunk